Cobalt(II) sulfate

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Cobalt(II) sulfate

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Cobalt(II) sulfate
IUPAC name
Cobalt(II) sulfate
Identifiers
CAS number 10124-43-3 YesY, 
13455-64-0 (monohydrate)
10026-24-1 (heptahydrate)
PubChem 24965
EC number 233-334-2
RTECS number GG3100000 (anhydrous)
GG3200000 (heptahydrate)
Properties
Molecular formula CoSO4
Molar mass 154.996 g/mol (anhydrous)
173.01 g/mol (monohydrate)
281.103 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Appearance reddish crystalline (anhydrous, monohydrate)
pink salt (heptahydrate)
Density 3.71 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
3.08 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
2.03 g/cm3 (heptahydrate) 1
Melting point

735 °C (anhydrous)
74 °C (heptahydrate)
Solubility in water 36.2 g/100 ml (20°C)
Hazards
MSDS JT Baker MSDS
EU Index 027-005-00-0
EU classification Carc. Cat. 2
Muta. Cat. 3
Repr. Cat. 2
Toxic (T)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases R49, R60, R22, R42/43, R68, R50/53
NFPA 704
NFPA 704.svg
0
2
0
Flash point Non-flammable
LD50 424 mg/kg
 YesY (what is this?)  (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Cobalt(II) sulfate is the sulfate salt of divalent cobalt.

Contents

  • 1 Properties
  • 2 Uses
  • 3 Health issues
  • 4 Natural occurrence
  • 5 References

Properties

Cobalt(II) sulfate appears as red monoclinic crystals that melt at 96.8°C and become anhydrous at 420°C. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and especially soluble in methanol.2 It may be formed by the reaction of metallic cobalt, its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with sulfuric acid.

Uses

It is used the preparation of pigments, as well as in the manufacture of other cobalt salts. Cobalt pigment is used in porcelains and glass. Cobalt(II) sulfate is used in storage batteries and electroplating baths, sympathetic inks, and as an additive to soils and animal feeds.3 In the past, cobalt(II) sulfate was used to improve the stability of foam in beer and to treat some forms of anemia not responsive to other treatments.4

Health issues

Cobalt(II) sulfate has been shown to be toxic and slightly carcinogenic upon inhalation in mice.5 It has also been shown to be a mutagen in salmonella.6 It was once added to a beer by the Quebec brewing company Dow in order to improve the head, resulting in 16 deaths and numerous cases of cobalt sulfate poisoning.7

Natural occurrence

Rarely, cobalt(II) sulfate is found in form of few crystallohydrate minerals, occurring among oxidation zones containing primary Co minerals (like skutterudite or cobaltite). These minerals are: biebierite (heptahydrate), moorhouseite (Co,Ni,Mn)SO4.6H2O, aplowite (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4.4H2O and cobaltkieserite (monohydrate).

References

  1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  2. ^ "Cobalt Sulfate MSDS". JT Baker. http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/C4972.htm. 
  3. ^ Cobalt Sulfate
  4. ^ Cobalt Sulfate - National Toxicology Program
  5. ^ JR Bucher, JR Hailey, JR Roycroft, JK Haseman, RC Sills, SL Grumbein, PW Mellick and BJ Chou (1999). "Inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of cobalt sulfate". Toxicological Sciences 49 (1): 56. doi:10.1093/toxsci/49.1.56. http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/1/56. 
  6. ^ Cobalt sulfate heptahydrate: Carcinogenic Potency Database
  7. ^ . http://www.cbc.ca/consumers/market/files/food/beer_challenge/additives.html. dead link


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